The Network Effect Essay -- Technology, Microsoft Products

Some products generate value only when they are combined with others, otherwise they have small or no value at all in isolation (Katz and Shapiro, 1994, p. 93). This is so called network effect – the fact that higher consumption of specific products makes them more valuable (Sundararajan, 2003, p.1). Another scientist Leibenstein, calls this effect as â€Å"bandwagon effect†- â€Å"the extent to which the demand for a commodity is increased due to the fact that others are also consuming the same commodity† (Besen, 1999, p.1). The economical base of network effects has received a huge attention, since it appears to be important in understanding the key features of modern high-tech industries (Bresnaham, 2001, p.2). Transportation systems, telecommunication systems, etc. exhibit network externalities, especially the IT market (Lee and O’Connor, 2003, p. 242). Operating systems of computers and compatible software are some of the examples of products experie ncing network effects. Users prefer to have an operating system on which they will be able to install a large number of applications (Fisher, 2000, p.181). The purpose of this paper is to understand the how the network effects of Microsoft’s products contributed to its rise and dominance in the market. In order to answer this question, the following points should be explained and analyzed. First of all, the environment of network industries in which Microsoft operates must be discussed. Moreover, such terms as â€Å"critical mass† and the way it is generated; â€Å"tipping points† and their impact on the products’ future, etc. should be described. Furthermore, the strategies and tactics, which are used by Microsoft to keep its positions in the market, should be outlined. The reminder of this ... ...uct (Economides, 1998). Also, Microsoft bundled Internet Explorer to its operating system, aiming to create a similar installed base for IE so that it would create an entry barrier to rival browsers. They moved the entry of competitors. More over, it is important to mention that a â€Å"firm like Netscape has less incentive to develop and write software applications if Microsoft can develop its own version of these software applications and bundle them with Windows† (Clements, 2002, 13). The technical development of the Ethernet technologies also helped Microsoft. According to the With Paper, several millions were invested in intra-net networks, into servers, working networks etc. That made Microsoft first company whose products were able to operate in huge networks. This in turn, attracted large organizations and government institutions to Microsoft’s product.

Graduating from High School Essay

Most grade-schoolers dream about the day they will walk across the stage on beginning day and receive their diplomas. They are under the impression they will be free from all work in their life, and be able to finally live. A person graduating from high school can take many directions in life; most graduates also go to dorm at college, travel to college, or start working. First, many graduates run from their parents and desire to go to college as far away from home as possible. When students move away, they get their first feel of living away from home. Which brings everyday jobs like Cooking, cleaning, and doing laundry are a few examples of how college students have to learn to give for themselves. Also, earning a college degree gives a person greater earning like the ability to work in the field of their choice. Going away to college can be a wonderful time for a person to grown-up and start their adult life. Another decision a person may choose after graduating high school is commute to a college. Traveling is not a possibility for everyone graduating high school because of location, but can be a great chance for those who are in drivable distance to a college. Living with parents and driving to college can save college student money because they do not have to pay to dorm. Staying with parents means mom is still around to give home cooked meals and life does not change from high school. Commuting to college can be a great way to save money, while still earning a college degree. Last, many high school students decide not to go to a college and join the work force right after high school. This means they will not be able to pay back expensive school loans and will be able to have more financial freedom in the short term. A person joining the work has the ability to stay in touch with friends in the area they live in and a few years after graduating or find their own place to reside. Joining the work force out of high school is a great option for some people who choose to do so but is not the best plan for those who want to more education. A person’s decision about what they will do after high school, weather it is going away to college, commuting to college or joining the work force, will affect them the rest of their life. A lot of thought and prayer should go into any decision, especially those which will affect a person for the rest of their life. In the end, if a person they believe God wants them to does it will end up the way God wants it.

Judith Wright And Sylvia Plaths Naked Girl And Mirror

Both Judith Wright and Sylvia Plath explore different feminist views in their poetry in order to highlight the freedom that comes with the empowerment of women and the escapement from the boundaries of social expectations. Wright uses stylistic devices such as punctuation, oxymoron, metaphor, and personification to discuss the insecurities she has with her body in her poem ‘Naked Girl and Mirror’. The oxymoron, â€Å"I see you are lovely, hateful naked girl†, depicts the internal struggle she deals with that centres on her self-image. The world has metaphorically detached Wright’s mind from her body and this encourages her to write with a more feminist view in order to remind her listeners that she has a soul and her gender is not all she is.†¦show more content†¦In her poem ‘Ariel’, she describes stumbling on, â€Å"heels and knees†, and compares it to Ariel’s transformation from a mermaid to a human to depict Plath†™s coming out of her shell. The feministic tone of the poem talks about the issue of women being in bad situations and the struggle of trying to find the motivation to escape and transform into an improved version of herself. Both poets use their poetry to explore different feminist views in order to discuss the freedom of empowering women; the poems convey the boundaries of social expectations and how this has limited the authors in their personal lives which serves as an encouragement to all listeners of their poetry. Furthermore, Wright, Plath, and Amy Winehouse explore the limitations of being confined in a mentally abusive relationship in order to highlight the importance of freedom in all of their respective pieces. Winehouse explores being in a relationship with a man who only stays with her for her wealth through techniques such as metaphors, colloquialisms, and similes. In a metaphor, she describes herself going, â€Å"back to black†, whenever her husband is unfaithful in their relationship. Being confined in a relationship with a man who detrimentally effects Winehouse’s emotional health causes her to fall back into the depression she has been struggling with for